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R.J.M. Lynch, F. Lippert, G.R. Burnett, D.R. Churchley, M. Dickinson, L. Cooper, S.M. Higham. Summary: The findings demonstrate that optical coherence tomography, quantitative light-induced fluorescence, and terahertz pulsed imaging all have the ability to measure enamel demineralisation over a wider range of mineral loss and lesion depth values than has often been reported.
J.E. Creeth*, D.T. Zero, M.L. Bosma, A. Butler, R.G. Guibert, R. Karwal, R.J.M. Lynch, M. North, E.A. Martinez-Mier, C. González-Cabezas, S.A. Kelly. Summary: This study shows that increasing brushing time and paste quantity increases the post-brushing reservoir of fluoride retained on the oral surfaces, indicating that these elements of brushing behaviour have the potential to influence the caries protection from fluoride.
E.E. Newby*, M.L. Bosma, M. Yadav, S. Kelly, E.A. Martinez-Mier, D. Zero. Summary: The findings of this study confirm that trends in plaque-fluid fluoride pharmacokinetics behave similarly with those seen in saliva and that fluoride clearance can be influenced by toothpaste formulation.
F. Lippert,* A. Cismak, L. Berthold, M. Petzold, A. Kiesow, C. González-Cabezas. Summary: The results of these preliminary laboratory studies suggest that adding xanthan gum to a low pH fluoride mouthrinse enhances enamel fluoride uptake and resistance to caries and erosion challenges.
C.S. Newby*, F. Lippert, V.K. Chauhan and B.R. Schemehorn. Summary: δsurface microhardness correlated with increased enamel F- content for the ionic toothpastes and different fluoride toothpaste formulations perform differently in this type of model and the results may vary with the model parameters.
D. Churchley*, F. Lippert, J. Alton, C. González-Cabezas, J. Eder. Summary: The ability of terahertz imaging to detect mineral changes in enamel following remineralisation with fluoride containing dentifrices has been demonstrated in this study. This technique was sufficiently sensitive to discriminate between the levels of remineralisation produced by the different dentifrices and may be suitable for monitoring mineral changes over time in de- and remineralisation in vitro and in situ studies.
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D.T. Zero, M.L. Bosma, E.E. Newby, S. Kelly, E.A. Martinez-Mier, and H.M. Proskin. Summary: Evaluation of the retention phase of fluoride delivery using an in situ caries model in combination with salivary and plaque fluid fluoride clearance appear to be useful surrogate measures of fluoride efficacy.
V. Chauhan, M. Rafter, A. Hayhurst, and S. Makin. Summary: Assessment of analytical techniques has shown that Gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection is a highly suitable method for the determination of fluoride in saliva.
S.Y. Gan, R.C. Hider, G.P. Martin, S.A. Jones, M.B. Brown and W.G. Wade. Summary: While complexing zinc metal with a metal chelator increases antibacterial activity, not all zinc-chelator complexes demonstrate the same antibacterial activity.
N. Badiei, D.R. Churchley, C.J. Wright, and G.C. Martin. Summary: Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STP) increases the ease of bacterial removal – the effect is more pronounced with rod shaped bacteria compared to the cocci. Exposure time of surface to STP was also found to be important to the reduction of bacterial adhesion.
A. Gallagher, J. Sowinski, J. Bowman, K. Barrett, S. Lowe, K. Patel, M.L. Bosma, A. Butler, and J.E. Creeth. Summary: Plaque removal strongly linked to brushing time during ‘normal’ brushing. Longer-brushing benefits are highly site-dependent:
Both time and good technique appear essential to effective plaque removal.
E.E. Newby, S.A. Ashburner, and M.L. Bosma. Summary: Overall the mean time children aged 7–11 years spent brushing their teeth when given no instruction was 39 seconds, and the median brushing time was 35 seconds.
F. Lippert, E.E. Newby, B.R. Schemehorn, and C. Gonzalez-Cabezas. Summary: An experimental sodium fluoride/silica dentifrice delivered more fluoride into enamel, showed superior remineralisation and greater protection against demineralisation than the comparable, marketed sodium fluoride dentifrice.
C.J. Kleber, K.R. Milleman, J.L. Milleman, E.E. Newby, F. Saunders, J. Ward, G. Shanga, and M.L. Bosma. Summary: Sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) significantly improved the stain removing ability of the gel-to-foam dentifrices. However, there was no significant difference in stain removal between 5% and 10% STP after 6 weeks use.
G.R. Burnett, D. Whitworth, and J. Steer. Summary: A novel gel-to-foam dentifrice containing Sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) has been shown to have a superior cleaning capability compared to a conventional paste, based upon a brushing study of naturally-stained bovine teeth. The gel-to-foam dentifrice also shows excellent dietary-stain prevention properties.
A.S. Axe. Summary: a sodium lauryl sulphate/cocoamidopropyl betaine combination shows greater penetration and statistically significant antimicrobial efficacy than sodium lauryl sulphate alone against a flow-cell model biofilm.
C.J. Wright, D. Churchley, and G.C. Martin. Summary: Sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) deposition increases over time and increases the ease of bacterial removal – A. naeslundii is easier to remove than S. mutans.
A. Butler, F. Lippert, and E.E. Newby. Summary: Meta analysis can be used to evaluate laboratory data across a variety of in vitro laboratory models. There was an overall statistically significant difference between the fluoride performance of the two formulations compared (Toothpastes A and B).
C. Wang, F. Lippert, R. Lucas, J. Creeth, and A. Smith. Summary: The studies demonstrate that variations in tooth wear pattern are dependent on the abrasivity of the brushing slurry but can also be modified by stiffness of the toothbrush filaments, possibly reflecting heterogeneity in abrasive particle size and their delivery by the filaments.